F+Block+Napoleon


 * 1)** Tobin **2)** Tommi-Valentina **3)** DJ-Hannah **4)** Eric - Cole **5)** Isabelle **6)** Ricky-Alex **7)** Kolemon-Ben QUESTIONS from F

1) On August 15, 1769 Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Ajaccio, Corsica. Napoleon’s family moved to France when he was just a child. He got a scholarship to get a military education at the military school of Brienne. Napoleon was considered an outsider because he couldn’t speak any French and didn’t come from a wealthy French family. He graduated from the military school of Brienne in 1785. He began to hate his father after he saw him wear French clothes and saw him embrace French culture. Napoleon resented this because he still had a grudge against France because they took over Corsica, his home country. So seeing his dad embrace the people that took them over really made Napoleon mad at him.

2) Napoleon was known to help out the French Revolution with his leadership. He was accused of being too pro-French, and he and his family was asked to leave there house in Corsica. In 1793 he was 25 years old. In 1793 received in the new rank of brigadier general, at the Battle at Toulon. In 1794 Napoleon is imprisoned under suspicion of being a Jacobin and a supporter of Robespierre. Along with many other people, if you say anything against the revolution you would get punished. In 1795 Napoleon was promoted to General of the Army of the West due to his victory over the British. With the title, he was also assigned the task of suppressing civil strife and rebellion against the Republic. In 1796 Napoleon really takes on his career. He married Josephine. Josephine was known to be a harlot. She cheated on him many times though out their marriage. In 1796 the Italian campaign against Austria truly begins. This was the first Italian Campaign. Bonaparte launched attacks almost immediately after he arrived on the front on March 27th. Napoleon won two battles in 1796, The Battle of Lodi and Battle of Arcole.

3) Napoleon attempted to capture Egypt in 1798, and would be there until 1801. He did this in an attempt to weaken England’s access to India for trade. He knew that if England didn’t have access to India, that would greatly damage their trading. He took control of Egypt on land, and when he was there, he brought scientists with him to study things like pyramids and artifacts. He even captured the Rosetta Stone. The Battle of the Nile in 1798, only lasted for 3 days. The British defeated the French in Egypt and Napoleon was left stranded in Egypt. But, he found a way to sneak past the British blockade he and brought back many artifacts from Egypt. He told all of France that he had won the war, and they believed him because of what he brought back.

4) This section of Napoleons life started in 1804 when he became emperor. Prior to Napoleon becoming emperor he took political power from the Directory by sending 500 troops to occupy one chamber of the national legislature. The second chamber than became terrified of Napoleon and voted to end the Directory. Then through an overwhelming vote in plebiscite, he became emperor. Then in 1805 Britain, Russia, Austria, Sweden, Prussia declares war on him, this is known as the third coalition. The war started because Napoleon was not content to be a simple ruler. Napoleon was preparing for a huge invasion, the English commander Nelson was the only thing that stood between France and England, with the amount of troops he had he would have been able to defeat Nelson and take over England. The war was just meant to be against Britain but when the other countries saw the threat of the French invasion on Britain they joined in to help. On October 21, 1805 Napoleons forces were defeated by Nelson. But a few months later he would gain victories against Austria, Russia, and Sweden. He signed the Treaty of Pressburg with Austria, which brought them out of the war and the coalition. During the coalition he defeats everyone except Britain. Russia becomes his ally after the coalition. Napoleon now controls most of Europe. By 1807 Napoleons empire stretched all the way down to northern Italy.

5) The French civil code was first published in 1804. It was renamed to the Napoleonic Code and officially lasted from 1807-1815. The Napoleonic code was established under Napoleon Bonaparte. It coded several branches of law. It prohibited birth, allowed freedom, freedom for women and religion, also help for government jobs. Also, a major part of the code was the merit system. It was a process of promotion and hiring government employees based on performance and not on political connections. The Napoleonic code spread to European countries and South America. It was for modernizing countries through legal forms. It was influenced from the Napoleonic Wars. It is still known today in France and influences world laws. //Other codes written beside the Napoleonic Code: Penal Code, Code of Civil Procedure, Commercial Code, Code of criminal Instruction //

6) __Summary-Continental System __ Coming off a defeat at Trafalgar in 1805, Napoleon came to his senses and realized that if he wanted to secure his rule and empire then he would have to finally defeat Britain. Napoleon realized that attacking Britain directly wouldn’t work, so his plan to defeat them was to cut off all the ports that bring in and ship out British goods. This was known as the Continental system. He was able to convince Russia, Austria, and Prussia to work with him in his continental system. 1806 marked the official start of the continental system, Napoleon banned British ships from entering in all European ports. Britain fought back using the sea, they created a blockade for all European ships. Britain’s plan wasn’t necessarily to stop European ships from sailing, but to stop France and France’s allies from trading throughout Britain. __War of 1812 __ In 1812 the war of Britain began because Britain wanted to restrict U.S trade. They were also hoping to keep the U.S from expanding its territory. The national’s capital, Washington, D.C was also burned as a result of the war of 1812, in August 1814. The Treaty of Ghent was signed December 24,1814. The war was officially over February 17, 1815. __Peninsular War __ Out of the many battles that Napoleon fought in, the war that took place in the Iberian peninsular one of the biggest. The war began in 1808. Known as the Peninsular the French were opposed by Spain, British, and Portuguese forces. Napoleon struggled in this time period and this really contributed to his downfall. The war supposedly killed half of a million people.

7) __ Russia __ In June of 1812 Napoleon led his army of 600,000 troops into Russia, wishing to punish Czar Alexander I for his misbehavior in leaving the Continental System. What he didn’t know is that Alexander is aware and has created a clever strategy: instead of facing Napoleon's forces head on, the Russians simply kept retreating every time Napoleon's forces tried to attack. Napoleon would then follow the Russians back again and again. Which lead them deeper and deeper into Russia. Napoleon expected his soldiers to be able to live of the land, but it was hard to do that when the Russians torched everything behind them. This lead Napoleon to his last major battle against Russia, the Battle of Borodino. On September 14, 1812, Napoleon entered Moscow. The Russians had abandoned and torched the city leaving the French with nothing. Now with winter setting in Napoleon orders his troops to retrace their tracks back to France. Even though 600,000 troops followed Napoleon into Russia, fewer than 100,000 made it out. Napoleon's invincible Army had been destroyed.

__Napoleon defeated and exiled to Elba__ In The Treaty of Treaty of Fontainebleau, the victors exiled him to Elba. They gave sovereignty over the island and allowed him to retain his title as Emperor. He tried to attempt suciced when captured but he failed, and his wife and son fled to Austria. While he was in Elba he created a small navy and army, he also developed iron mines, and issued decrees on modern agricultural methods.

__Escape from Elba__ He escaped from Elba on February 26, 1815, and just two days later he landed at Golfe-Juan on the French mainland. The 5th regiment was sent to intercept him; they actually made contact with him just south of Greenoble on March 7, 1815. Napoleon got off his horse and went towards the regiment alone and said “Here I am. Kill your Emperor. If you wish.” All the soldiers Responded with "Vive L'Empereur!" and marched with him back to Paris. Napoleon arrived in Paris on March 20, 1815 and ruled for a period called the hundred days.

__Waterloo__ (June 18, 1815) Final defeat of Napoleon and French forces in the Battle of waterloo. The battle was fought during the Hundred Days of Napoleon's restoration and near Waterloo village, south of Brussels. At the beginning of this fight Napoleon had 72,000 troops up against Duke Wellington’s combined Allied army of 68,000 aided by 45,000 Prussians under Gebhard von Blcher. Napoleon had defeated the Prussians at Ligny and held Wellington at Quatre-Bras in secondary battles on June 16. Then Napoleons marshals failed to eliminate either enemy while they were separated. Napoleon delayed his attack at Waterloo until midday. In doing this it allowed the Persians to pursuit back and meets Wellington. Once the ground dried the French decided to take on the Allied center, they did not succeed. Then Napoleon had to move troops to meet the Prussian flanking attack and failed to succeed again. After being trapped in a farm house at the center of the Allied line; Napoleon decided to call for reinforcements. But was not granted with the extra soldiers Then Wellington had destroyed the French’s last attack and forced them to retreat. Then on June 19th 1815 Napoleon abdicated for the last time.

__Exiled to Saint Helena__ After the loss at Waterloo Napoleon was exiled to a small island in the Atlantic Ocean called Saint Helena on the west coast of Africa. This time Napoleon was exiled to an island in the Atlantic so there was no way he could escape again. He lived in the pavilion on the Briar Estates. Napoleon became very friendly with this family but in 1818 this friendship ended. The British became suspicious that Balcombe had acted as an intermidary between Napoleon and Paris, he moved into the Longwood house with Hudson Lowe. After Napoleon was forced to move he began to gain a small group of followers. He dictated his memoirs and began to criticize his captors (particularly Lowe). Lowe treated Napoleon poorly because he felt the he shouldn’t be shown respect because of all of his wrong doings. In 1818 the Times reported a false rumor that Napoleon had escaped and he was plotting his revenge, this rumor cause quite uproar in Britain. Napoleon died three years later in 1821.