Reformation+Grading

__**Submission A **__
2. __**Summarizing key points of the reading**__ Write a summary of the reading—not too long and not too short. Should mention main points (dates, new “characters,” big events, etc.) but not provide too much detail.

====//Martin Luther was a German monk and professor of theology who prayed, fasted, and tried to lead a holy life. In 1517 a priest named Johann Tetzel gave out indulgences to people who gave money to rebuild the Cathedral of St. Peter. Tetzel didn’t only give out indulgences to those who contributed money but also to their dead relatives. Luther was outraged by Tetzel’s actions and made 95 Theses which he used to prove to people that Tetzel can’t releases their dead relative’s soul from purgatory. Luther’s 95 Theseswere printed and distributed it all over Europe, causing furious debates everywhere. The Church told Luther to give up his views. Instead of giving up his views he just made more radical doctrines. In 1521 the pope excommunicated Luther. Later in the same year, after refusing to take the Holy Roman emperor’s offer, Charles V, to give up his views Luther was declared an outlaw by the emperor. Still people followed Luther and his views renouncing the authority of the pope. //==== ====//John Calvin, who was born in France and trained to be a priest and lawyer published a book in 1536 called Institutes of the Christian. Calvin preached predestination, which is the idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation. In 1541 Calvin was asked, by the Protestants of the city-state of Geneva, to lead their community. While Calvin was leading the community he set up a theocracy or a government ran by the church leaders. Calvinism spread out all over Europe, because of reformers visiting Geneva and then bringing Calvin’s ideas back home with them. //====

3. __**Questions and Possible Answers**__ What questions do you have about your reading? What are some possible answers to those questions? If you don’t know, where might you find the answers to those questions. If you have no questions, ask yourself how your reading reflects the time period, geographical location, culture, or philosophy of the author.

//What did it mean when the book said that the pope had excommunicated Martin Luther?That he didn’t talk to Luther anymore. Why were the Huguenots and the Lutherans going against each other, since they were both preached too about the same stuff? Internet Why were people being punished for dancing in Geneva?Internet //

5. __**Asking “So What”**__ Why are we reading this text? Why is it important? How does it relate to other things we have been reading and talking about in class?

//So that we know how the reformation started./ because if we started somewhere else in the reformation we wouldn’t really understand what is going on and why is it happening./ //

__**Submission B **__
2.) Calvin was born in France and trained as a priest and lawyer. Calvin published a book called “Institute of the Christian Religion” which was read by the protestants everywhere and raised awareness about the corrupt Christian Church. Calvin believed that salvation was found in faith alone like Luther. In 1541 Calvin was asked to lead Geneva in Switzerland which there he set up a theocracy. Calvinists of the city faced harsh punishments for wrong doings. To many protestants, the strict morality made the Calvinists geneva seem like a model community. 3.) Why didn’t the Christian church just have Calvin killed? Why would the people of Switzerland just randomly ask him to lead the community of Geneva? Why was he so heavily followed? 5.) The text of Calvin’s reformation is extremely important because he opposed a corrupt higher achy which, in his time was just un heard of. Calvin set a standard for young leaders after him to live up to, and he followed the footsteps of Luther who also opposed before him. The courage and bravery Calvin displayed to stand up to such a feared and powerful religious church was phenomenal. Bravo. Luther’s Reforms

2.) Luther, as a young man, prayed and fasted and tried to live a holy life but still believed he was doomed to eternal damnation. Luther wrote a 95 theses because of Johann Tezel’s outrageous indulgences for the new catholic church. He argues that the indulgences by the priests had no basis in the bible. After copies of the 95 theses were printed it stirred a furious debate. The church asked luther to reacant but he refused. Luther tried to have the Christians reject the church but in 1521, the pope had him excommunicated. He went into hiding for a year and later was praised as a hero and accepted. 3.) Why did Luther reject the idea that priests had special power? Why wasn’t he killed for opposing the church? Why did he reject the five of the seven sacraments? 5.) Luther, like Calvin was a leader who stood up what he believed in a opposed what he thought was corrupt. Although he did not lead his own city like Calvin, he had just as much impact which is proven by how welcomed he was when he came out of hiding. Luther was a great leader who set the tone for others and many more to come.

__**Submission C **__
Luther wanted to change the indulgences inside the church. The pope was taking advantage of people and getting whatever he wanted. Luther saw what the pope was doing and decided to make a change within the Catholic Church. Luther reformed the Catholic Church by questioning people daily. He thought the popes were supposed to be godly and they were human. Luther created another religion of honesty and integrity within the church. Luther was then kicked out of the Catholic Church, got married to a nun and had six children. The Jews throughout the middle ages had lots of disadvantages and controlled. Other religious people had many advantages while Jews did not, they were always contained somewhere. They weren’t allowed to believe what they wanted to, they were told. Throughout history Jewish people have been through much torture. //Martin Luther was a German Priest and professor from November 10, 1483 to February 18, 1546. Martin Luther strongly argued that god’s sin of punishment can be freed with money. He confronted a salesman about his ninety-five thesis in 1521. He refused to take back his writings, by the pope. Later, in 1521 resulted his excommunication? Those who followed Luther’s beliefs and writings were considered to be Lutherans. He translated the bible into the language everyone spoke, not Latin. This made it more accessible for all people to read. Luther wrote hymns (songs) that were influenced in the church. Luther’s marriage to women named Katharina von Bora influenced “clerical marriage”. In later years, Luther had misanthropy towards Jews. He believed that their homes should be destroyed, their money taken, and their beliefs crushed. Luther’s belief added to his “controversial status”.// //It seems all throughout history from 500 C.E. to 1750 C.E. Jews have been brutalized. By the 1500’s most of Europe was ruled by the Christian Monarchs. The Jews were left a suitable part in religion. The church didn’t allow “Christians from charging interest to fellow Christians”. “The only source for loans was the Jews”. This became a big raucous. The Visigoth King admits Catholicism and his followers tried to convert the Jews. The Jews refused to follow the Catholic Religion because they had strong believed in the Abraham god. They practiced Judaism in private, so there was no findings and persecution to the Jews. The Jews went through torture many years, during wars, converting religion; Jews always had strong beliefs.// //Why did Luther had such strong believes in changing the church? What do you think his legacy was after he died? Did Luther want in his mind everything his way?// //Did the Jews get a break through history? What do you think people treat Jews today? Do they have more rights today then they had in the middle ages?// //I believe we are reading this text to learn more about history and why things happened. Wrapping our head around the concept that history leads up to today. It is important to read this because this was a real time period that had important events that happened. It is different from other texts because we are able to pick our own topic we are interested in.//
 * What did Luther want? What was his reform?**
 * What about the Jews?**
 * 2. __Summarizing key points of the reading__**
 * //What about the Jews?//**
 * //3.// //__Questions and Possible Answers:__//**
 * //5.// __Asking so what__**

__**Submission D **__

 * QUESTIONS 2, 3, AND 5**

What did Luther want? What was his reform? 2. Luther was frustrated with the church clergy taking advantage of it’s patrons. The people of the church made people believe they were the gatekeepers to salvation, since many churchgoers could not even read the bible. Luther wanted to “dethrown” the power of the church clergy, who used their “holy powers” to make money from charging fees for “services” such as forgiveness. Luther’s reform was sparked by the 95 Theses, which he posted on the door of a Wittenburg Church. He argued that faith achieved salvation, not just good deeds done for the clergy. Luther preached the bible as the ONLY source of truth, and that the church clergy had no special power whatsoever. He rejected the sacraments and banned 5 of them, and was also strongly against indulgences.

3. QUESTION: What is the difference between a Lutheran Church and any other Protestant church? POSSIBLE ANSWER: I don’t really know for sure. The best way to find out would be to attend services of both. From my research there does not appear to be many big differences between the two in today’s world, because the trend beliefs of Christians now share many of the same ideas of Luther like the bible is the only source of real truth. QUESTION: Were people who followed Luther attempted to be punished? POSSIBLE ANSWER: I couldn’t find a definite answer. I believe that people who were thought to have been following Luther were punished depending on where they lived and what the trend of their community was, whether they lived in a catholic or protestant environment.

5. We are reading this text because it goes along with the reforms of the Renaissance. This is a perfect example of how the church was reformed during the Renaissance, and a perfect example of a reformist. It is important because Luther was the reason Christian Denominations exist. Without Luther, the church would most likely continue to take advantage of its patrons and there would be no Christian Denominations.

How did the Catholics change as a result of the reforms? 2. After the reforms and the rise of the protestant, Catholics almost immediately began attempting to push back the protestant wave. The council of Trent, called by Catholic leaders, reaffirmed Catholic traditions and also stated the bible as not the only source of truth and that good deeds are necessary for salvation. Although the council did ban abuses, Catholics reinstated the Inquisition and strengthened it to scare the protestants away. The index of forbidden books was reinstated also, and the Jesuits religious order was established. A program for the Jesuits was coined, which included moral discipline, training, and obedience to the church. A crusade was initiated, spreading the Catholic faith and strengthening it after the reforms. 3. QUESTION: What exactly was the inquisition? POSSIBLE ANSWER: The inquisition was known as the fight against heretics, or non Catholics. The inquisition included torture, exile, and execution, and was designed to scare non Catholics into obeying the church. QUESTION: Who were the Jesuits? POSSIBLE ANSWER: The Jesuits were a group that was dedicated to defending the Catholic church against the reformation. 5. We are reading this text because it is important to know when studying this how the Catholic church was affected, because after all the Catholic church was the center of all this religious

__**Submission E **__
John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the protestant reformation. He wanted to reform the catholic church. Through humanism and socialism, the reformers wanted to change. The reformers wanted to create a faith system that had God who serves the need of man. He was the creator of reformation. His reform was to improve Judaism, and lead through his pasturing. Henry Viii wants to start a reformation in England. He took lands from churches and gave them to his fellow reformists. He was also involved in the protestant reformation along with John calvin and martin luther. The reading didn’t break down the steps needed for the reformation to take place with John Calvin and Henry VIII. I want to know why they became so conceited and what were they thinking. Of course I can only obtain these answers from them. We are reading this text because it played a huge role in renaissance. During the renaissance, the church was going through reformation the whole time, and it messed up the religion. Also it ties everything we’ve been talking about in class together, like the culture, religion, who ruled and why they did what they did.
 * Questions: 1, 3, 5**
 * Topics: What did Calvin want? What was his reform?**
 * What did Henry V3 want? What wwas his reform?**
 * 2. __Summarizing key points of the reading.__**
 * 3. __Questions and possible answers.__**
 * 5. __So What__**

__**Submission F **__
**What did Calvin want?** John Calvin wanted to include humanism into the Catholic religion. He believed in the same system of the church but wanted his own beliefs of the order and human nature of the bible altered. The Calvin bible was altered in the chapters and sections he wanted in it, he did not want the bible to change, just the way people saw it.
 * **Why did Calvin want what we wanted?** //Possible Answer:// He believed in Catholicism of being more in human nature philosophy.
 * <span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Condensed',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">**Why did Calvin try the things he did?** //Possible Answer:// He wanted to share with the world his way of seeing the religion.

<span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Condensed',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">**What did Henry Vlll want?** <span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Condensed',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Henry VIII wanted his own branch of the religion of Catholic and to be the best king of all the world. He had many wives to show his power. He took the church out of business and stepped up as a feared king. <span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Condensed',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">**Why did Henry want what he wanted?** //Possible Answer:// He wanted to be a well known king in history and he would take over the church as being head of it to achieve that. The Pope would not let him leave his first wife so he took over the church. <span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Condensed',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">**Why did Henry try the things he did?** //Possible Answer:// Henry wanted to establish himself as supreme ruler of England, and show his own faith.