G+Block+Napoleon


 * 1) ** Khalil ** 2) ** Stefan - Tori ** 3) ** Jordan - Max ** 4) ** Lucas ** 5) ** Lexy - Bailey **6)** Claire - Kristen **7)** Simon - Jake **8)** Swez - Matt **9)** Maggie __QUESTIONS from G__

On August, 1769 Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Corsica, (now a part of France) into a rather upper class family to the parents of, Carlo Maria di Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino. He was born just after the nasty French defeat to Corsica, and for this reason he would grow up hating France. Carlo (Napoleon’s Father), wanted his children to be noble men and women in France, so he secured a scholarship for Napoleon, to a school in France, thinking it could come true. 1778, the first time Napoleon first step foot in France, he was 9 years old, going to attend the Royal Military College. 6 years later, 1783, Napoleon was 15 when he was promoted to the Royal Military Academy in Paris. Here he learned the brilliances of France, and this school turned officers into gentlemen. His teachers wrote he was a very prideful young man, who will go far in favorable circumstances.
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The siege of Toulon began on September 18, 1793. The city of Toulon was an anti-revolutionary city. The people of Toulon gave their town to the Spanish and British navy. The French army acted quickly to seize the city. Many commanders performed poorly as a result, napoleon replaced them as the new commander. Bonaparte stormed a key fort that allowed French artillery to bombard the British fleet anchored in the Harbor. Napoleons attack occurred on December 17, 1793. Napoleon was wounded by a bayonet and less than a day later the British fleet sailed away. Because of his successful attack on the British troops he was promoted to brigadier because of his great leadership skills. He married his one and only true love Joséphine de Beauharnais on March 9 th, 1796. She was previously a widow.
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April 12, 1795, Outnumbered, Planned to isolate Austria from the Piedmontese, then conquer Austria and Piedmonts allies 60,000+ soldiers. French have 38,000+, French defeated them in 2 weeks, Attacked at different times from different areas. Surrendered April 26, Demanded gold and silver. October 26, 1795, Recommended by General Paul Barras, Becomes commander in chief of the army interior, Makes him rich and famous. July 4, 1809, France vs. Austria after Piedmontese, Planned to isolate Austria from the Piedmontese, then conquer, 2:1 France outnumbered. 2 days of relentless fighting, Austria has more causality, 32,500 deaths for France, 37,146 deaths for Austria, Austria retreats. Francis I signs Treaty. France destroys Austria on October 1809 =====

Napoleon traveled to Egypt and on July 5 in 1798 he took Alexandria Napoleon chose Egypt so he could take out the British’s trade route. He then fought the Mamalukes in “The Battle Of The Pyramids” The Egypt lost about 4,000-6,000 fighters. France lost about 300 soldiers. The Mamalukes were warriors of the Turkish empire. The French won this battle. In this battle he won by using the square tactic which formed the soldiers into a square. After this he led his army back to Cairo only to discover that Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson had blown up the French’s fleet of ships. Napoleon and his soldiers were temporarily trapped in Egypt. Napoleon escaped on a boat. Napoleon arrived back in France on October 9th in 1799. He told the people how great the country had done in fighting in Egypt but he did not tell the people how he had lost brutally to Admiral Horatio.
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==== The government in France was changed, leaving behind Rhobespierres reign of terror and the old ways of monarchy. Napoleon Bonaparte and Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes worked together to overthrow the Directory, who held the power. Sieyes was against the constitution set forth in 1795 and most of the other things that the Directory was responsible for. Napoleon overthrew the directory with the help of Sieyes on November 9th, 1799 through a coup d'état (a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government). After overthrowing the Directory Napoleon worked closely with 2 other men to lead the country after that. They called themselves the Consulate and Napoleon served as the first Consul, somewhat of a president. During his reign one of his most noteworthy actions was when he reintroduced the Catholic Church into France. He also established the Bank of France. ====
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1800 Battle of Marengo (southeast of northern Italy) -barely a victory -had a disadvantage because they had fewer troops -secured Napoleon’s military authority 1802- France signs treaty with Great Britain (Peace of Amiens) Sent troops to Haiti, Lost battle to Haitians, -Haiti gained independence from France Consulate for Life War started with Great Britain (after treaty) Then agreed to Louisiana Purchase to give to United States 1803 Britain declares war on France (over a decade long) 1804 Plebiscite Vote -said that people voted, but there was no choice -he was the only choice and claimed that he is who the people wanted, but he was the only one Napoleon came to power as Emperor of France
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Continental System: A foreign policy of Napoleon that restricted British trade which was a great economic crisis for Britain and was considered “Economic Warfare”. Peninsula War: Military conflict between France and Spain, the UK, and Portugal for control of the Peninsula during Napoleonic times. Invasion of Russia: When Napoleon’s Army crossed the Neman River and attempted to defeat the Russian army.
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- People of France trusted him less and less, Invaded Russia. Russia led him into the snow. The Blizzard defeated him, Tried to kill himself, but failed - 11 April 1814 Napoleon steps down, He was then exiled to Elba said he would return to France - Elba is not very civilized, Dirty and small, 18 miles long, Louis XVIII takes place - sucks and the country starts to digress - Starts to go back to the old ways - Napoleon was supervised by a British Commissioner He was given 1000 soldiers when he got to the island - Escaped Elba and returned to France. Arrived at France and went straight to Paris, Started to get the people on his side on his way to France. - Louis is stunned sends troops to him, Soldiers are volunteering to help Napoleon - Unarmed, walks into opposing army and wins their trust - Louis sends more troops, but Napoleon convinces them to change sides - Almost if he was resurrected from the dead. - Other Countries were after him In 3 months, he builds a standing army - OFF TO WAR - Britain, prussia, and belgium, were against them. The armies were separated, so Napoleon attacked them separately - A huge rainstorm slowed down Napoleon. Very important - Gave the general time to get to good ground - Battle of Waterloo - Napoleon didn’t know that the Prussians were coming. - He thought it was just British - Wellington knew Napoleons moves. Napoleon brought in the Imperial Guard the Undefeated team - Napoleon stayed back because everyone convinced him to not die He passed the commands to his field general. - Wellington hid behind a hill and surprised the French - France takes a beating - Then the Prussians came and destroyed them - Napoleon left and fled to Paris. - under guard - 22, June 1815 - Napoleon left throne again - Banished to St. Helena a tiny south Atlantic island - spent six years 5 May 1821 Died buried in great dome
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Dates: 1804- present The Napoleonic Code is one of Napoleon’s greatest achievements. Before its promulgation, France’s legal system consisted of an insanely convoluted hodgepodge of local customs and arbitrary rules. Often, lawyers had to basically make it up as they went along. Exceptions due to birth or connections were very, very common. Napoleon changed all that. Exceptions, promotions, and general preferential treatment based on connections were banned. If you wanted a good job and/or promotion, you actually had to be good at your job. This change stood in huge contrast to all the political infighting of the ancien regime. = Napoleon also guaranteed many of the gains of the Revolution. The first two clauses of the code are: “The exercise of civil rights is independent of the quality of citizen, which is only acquired and preserved conformably to the constitutional law,” and “Every Frenchman shall enjoy civil rights.” He preserved religious freedom, advocated fair trials, and preserved the principle of innocent until proven guilty. He also cut back on the power of judges to make arbitrary legal rules or refuse a case because the law wasn’t as clear as it could be. This forced judges to interpret the law, setting the stage for the modern precedent system. = = However, Napoleon’s reforms came at a cost. Women lost much of their rights. They could not hold property or engage in financial transactions without the consent of their husband or work outside the home without permission. They could not hold sole guardianship over their children, and it was very, very difficult to get a divorce. The only thing women could do without the consent of their husband was write a will. =
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